Pulmonary Arterial Aneurysms and Thrombosis in a Young Male: A Rare Presentation of Behcet's Disease.

Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic systemic inflammatory vasculitis with a relapsing and remitting course. The disease predominantly affects males between the ages of 20 and 40 years. The disease is more prevalent in Middle Eastern and Asian countries but is less common in North American countries. BD typically presents as recurrent oro-genital ulcers and ocular inflammation. Pulmonary vasculitis with pulmonary arterial involvement is a unique manifestation, with most pulmonary manifestations occurring later in the disease course. Here, we report a case with pulmonary arterial aneurysms and variable arterial-venous thrombosis in a young African American Male diagnosed with BD after he presented with pulmonary manifestations. This report emphasizes that a high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose a rare condition with such variable manifestations as Behcet's disease and that early detection and immunosuppression therapy can confer improved prognosis.

COVID-19-Related Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis Complicated by the Optic Nerve and Optic Tract Ischemia With Ischemic Neuropathy.

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection usually seen in immunocompromised patients and patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic ketoacidosis. We present a rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) case in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient complicated by the optic nerve and optic tract ischemia with ischemic neuropathy. Both CT and MRI played an essential role in diagnosing ROCM and the accompanying complications in our patient. CT showed sinonasal sinusitis and MRI showed the sinusitis and its progression to ROCM. MRI also showed necrosis involving the bilateral orbits, basal ganglia, thalamus, internal capsule, hypothalamus, optic chiasm, optic nerves, olfactory bulbs, and skull base. ROCM associated with optic nerve ischemia is a rare but life-threatening complication of COVID-19, especially in patients with underlying diabetes and/or those treated with corticosteroids. Physicians should be aware of this complication as early diagnosis may improve the chances of survival in such patients.

Mobile "doctors" and their medical diagnosis in rural Southern Nigeria. Truth or deception? A public health case report.

Mobile "doctors" are traditional herbal medical practitioners who move from one rural community in Nigeria to another diagnosing disease using a digital thermometer and stethoscope before selling their herbal drugs to the patients. Are their diagnosis correct or just a deception? This reports looks at three cases of mobile doctors ' diagnosis of patients in rural southern Nigeria.

Case based rubella surveillance in Abia State, South East Nigeria, 2007-2011.

Introduction. Rubella infection has the potential of causing severe fetal birth defects collectively called congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) if the mother is infected early in pregnancy. However, little is known about rubella and CRS epidemiology in Nigeria and rubella vaccines are still not part of routine childhood immunization in Nigeria. Methods. Analysis of confirmed cases of rubella in Abia State, Nigeria from 2007 to 2011 detected through Abia State Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response system. Results. Of the 757 febrile rash cases, 81(10.7%) tested positive for rubella immunoglobulin M (IgM). New rubella infection decreased from 6.81/1,000,000 population in 2007 to 2.28/1,000,000 in 2009 and increased to 6.34/1,000,000 in 2011. The relative risk of rubella was 1.5 (CI [0.98-2.28]) times as high in females compared to males and 1.6 times (CI [0.90-2.91]) as high in rural areas compared to urban areas. Eighty six percent of rubella infections occurred in children less than 15 years with a high proportion of cases occurring between 5 and 14 years. Conclusion. Rubella infection in Abia State, Nigeria is predominantly in those who are younger than 15 years old. It is also more prevalent in females and in those living in rural areas of the state. Unfortunately, there is no surveillance of CRS in Nigeria and so the public health impact of rubella infection in the state is not known. Efforts should be made to expand the rubella surveillance in Nigeria to incorporate surveillance for CRS.